Basic structure of forklift
Sep 26,2025
Power unit: Provides the necessary power for forklift operation, commonly including internal combustion engines (gasoline, diesel, liquefied petroleum gas engines) and electric motors. Internal combustion engine forklifts have strong power and are suitable for use outdoors or in well ventilated areas; Electric forklifts have the advantages of low noise, no pollution, and easy operation, and are commonly used for indoor operations.
Transmission device: transmits the power of the power unit to the driving wheels to make the forklift travel. There are mainly three methods: mechanical transmission, hydraulic mechanical transmission, and static pressure transmission. The mechanical transmission structure is simple, but there is a significant impact during gear shifting; Hydraulic mechanical transmission shifts smoothly and has high transmission efficiency; Static pressure transmission has the characteristics of continuously variable speed and easy operation.
Steering system: used to control the direction of forklift travel. Common types include mechanical steering, hydraulic power steering, and fully hydraulic steering. Mechanical steering has a high operating force and is suitable for small forklifts; Hydraulic power steering reduces the driver's operational intensity; Fully hydraulic steering has the advantages of flexible steering and easy operation, and is widely used in various types of forklifts.
Braking system: Ensure that the forklift can safely decelerate and stop during operation. Generally includes driving brake and parking brake. The service brake is used to slow down and stop the forklift while driving, while the parking brake is used to keep the forklift stationary after stopping.
Working device: It is the core part of a forklift for loading and unloading operations, mainly composed of forks, frames, chains, pulleys, etc. Forks are used to directly carry goods, and the gantry can be raised and lowered and tilted back and forth to stack goods at different heights and positions.
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